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This relatively rare disease is making somewhat of
a comeback. The causative agent is a bacterial
organism that has many different strains or serovars.
Earlier vaccines were developed to protect against only
a few of the serovars, and those left out of the vaccines
are beginning to create problems in certain areas.
Dogs primarily are affected; the disease is rare in
cats.
Leptospirosis is transmitted through urine, and in
contaminated water sources. The bacteria primarily
affects the kidneys and liver. High fever, decreased
appetite, vomiting, dehydration, increase in thirst,
and blood in urine can all occur with this disease.
Symptoms can range from mild to severe.
Although still relatively rare, if the disease is suspected,
blood tests can confirm infection.
Treatment involves supportive care to the patient re-hydrating
with fluids, and antibiotic therapy.
The best protection is to vaccinate your dog for this
disease. Make sure your veterinarian is using
the newer
vaccine containing all the strains (serovars) for
leptospirosis.
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