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This virus is very similar to that in humans (HIV),
but infection of humans with FIV is not possible.
In the cat, spread of the virus through secretions,
especially saliva, is the main mode of transmission.
Sexual transmission does not appear to be a significant
mode of infection. Infection from the bite of
an infected cat seems to be the most common method of
spread. Male cats therefore are more commonly
affected four to one over females as fighting amongst
the male cats is common.
Diagnosis of this virus is by a blood test usually
performed in your veterinarian's office. Results
can be obtained within 10 minutes. A positive
result, indicates the cat has been exposed and infected
with the immunodeficiency virus (FIV).
Symptoms of this virus typically include secondary
infections in the form of abscesses, upper respiratory
tract infection, urinary tract infection, etc.
Since this virus lowers the host's immune system, decreased
immunity towards infection is the result.
Treatment includes supportive care and antibiotics
to control secondary infections. Enhancing the
patients immune system can also be done. The drug
Interferon, when given routinely to an FIV infected
individual, can help to increase the immune system's
capability to ward off infection.
Prevention is by reducing exposure of the cat to others
which may be infected. Outdoor cats are most at
risk, so keeping your cat indoors is the best preventative
measure. Vaccination
is now available for FIV in the cat. This involves
a series of 3 vaccines given at 3 week intervals, starting
as early as 8 weeks of age.
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